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As an integral part of the construction machinery control system and an indispensable element of the human-machine interface, industrial joysticks are now widely used in many fields and industries of domestic construction machinery, agricultural machinery, aerial work platforms, etc.
Currently in industrial use, according to the main classification of control forms, approximately three types of industrial joysticks can be distinguished: 1. Mechanical joystick; 2. Hydraulic joystick; 3. Electric joystick control.
Among them, in most industries, mechanical handles are gradually being eliminated in the process of industrial upgrading in our country due to their inability to perform complex analog operations and logic control, and are only used in some cases with high cost requirements.
The hydraulic joystick, or as it is also known in the industry, the hydraulic pilot handle, is currently the mainstay on the market. Its advantage is that it can use lower cost means to control the flow of a hydraulic pilot valve and interface with a controller for basic logic control. In addition, the pilot handle is not affected by electrical performance and other faults, its maintenance and replacement is also more convenient, but there are times when the hydraulic handle cannot avoid oil leakage, and it cannot be used in some cases with high operating conditions.
Finally, there is the electronic control knob, which has a stable electrical signal, is highly editable, and can handle complex operating logic. There is a tendency to switch to an electronic control system. The advantage of an electronic control system is that it can handle more complex logic and safety systems. It has been used for several decades in the aerial work machine industry with high safety factor requirements. And the electronic handle control system can be used in many industries where high environmental cleanliness is required, for example, when storing goods in supermarkets, video surveillance, medical care, etc.
In general, the operating method is determined depending on the operating conditions and operating mode. As for other selection issues, the most controversial is the choice of Hall type and potentiometer type.
The Hall type is characterized by an active, non-contact operating mode, and the service life can be extended. Generally, the service life of potentiometers is 1 to 2 million times, and Hall knobs can reach 5 million times or even higher, but the analog output requires a power supply, and Hall knobs cannot be used in severe pollution environments, Especially in an environment with a lot of metal dust or strong external magnetic field, changing the magnetic field will cause the handle output to change or even fail.
The potentiometer is characterized by a passive contact type of operation, and its Hall stability will be better. Generally speaking, the life of a potentiometer is related to the life of the potentiometer itself. Most domestic high-quality potentiometers have a service life of hundreds of thousands to millions of times, and some imported potentiometers can reach 1-2 million times or even more. high. When using potentiometers of this type, no additional power supply is required.
According to the above characteristics, the electronic control handle used for excavators, loaders and other high-frequency devices is generally Hall type. It is used for mining equipment and other situations where metal dust or electromagnetic interference may be present. It is recommended to use a potentiometer. Type of electronic control handle. It is also determined depending on whether an additional power supply is available on the client system side. Typically, the common Hall voltage is 3.3 and 5 VDC. current, and the wide-voltage version can be powered from 9~36 VDC. current.
In addition, there is a bus output form that is typically used in applications where bus communication is required. In general, CAN bus is the most commonly used bus in construction equipment. Other industries also use RS232, RS485, USB and other types of bus outputs. Customers should choose according to their working conditions.
Finally, there are application areas of spring return type and friction type positioning:
1.Spring return type: When the operating frequency is high, it needs to return to the neutral or home position. Typically, construction vehicles, air vehicles, forklifts and other applications require frequent operation or reset function.
2.Friction type positioning: Applicable when the operating frequency is low and it is necessary to work in a positional position. Typically used in agricultural machinery, drilling rigs, mining and other machinery where operating voltage must be maintained at all times.
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